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Regency Style
George, Prince of Wales, assumed control of the crown as Prince Regent in 1811.
One aesthete and connoisseur of the period, Thomas Hope, spent considerable time traveling and studying abroad. Captivated by French Empire and Egyptian motifs, he created a highly influential pattern book with designs based on rooms he created for his own homes in London and Surrey.

Another tastemaker, George Smith, published popularized versions of Hope's work and drew upon his examples, adding neo-Gothic and chinoiserie elements to the mix. Eventually, an enlightened cosmopolitanism prevailed, with interiors and furnishings borrowing forms and motifs from cultures that lay beyond the shores of the island kingdom.

Most Regency furniture was distinguished by clean lines and restraint. Mahogany, the wood of choice, was embellished with delicate brass inlays. Tables of every type, especially those with pedestal bases, "took off," notes Stephen Fitzpenn of Duke & Fitzpenn, Ltd., in Staunton, Virginia. "Pedestal dining tables continue to be very popular today because you can seat so many people around them without bumping into legs." Japanning also returned to favor, "especially as a way of decorating chairs," Fitzpenn says. Frequently, black paint emulating lacquer bore chinoiserie-style designs in gold.

Strictly speaking, the Regency period lasted from 1811 until 1820 when George IV assumed the throne as king. (Prior to 1820, he was still Prince Regent.) Some design historians extend the period to his death in 1830. By this time, the industrial revolution had irrevocably changed the nature of furniture manufacturing, and mass production of furniture for the sake of comfort rather than style had become the norm.



ELEMENTS OF A REGENCY INTERIOR
· More open-plan room arrangements on the parlor floor, with one room opening into the next through an arch or via folding doors.
· Larger windows, which inspired more elaborate and voluminous window dressings.
· Replacement of Adamesque plasterwork on walls and ceilings with plain surfaces; popularity of wide, striped wallpapers (which mimicked Napoleonic military tents in France); partially tented beds with bed hangings falling from coronets.
· After the fall of Napoléon, increased use of Empire-inspired accents, including lion's head, torso, or claw monopods; also, accents based on the British navy's victories at sea, including ropes, anchors, and dolphins.
· Furnishings characterized by lightness and restraint, such as small, portable tables and chairs; also, innovative furnishings such as sofa tables with end flaps for games, writing, or needlework.
· Chairs with sword-shaped saber legs based on French Empire prototypes, and later, with straight, turned legs, which were stronger and less apt to break.
· Introduction of wall-to-wall carpeting.

RESOURCES: Clinton Howell, Clinton Howell Antiques, 212/517-5897, www.clintonhowell.com; Stephen Fitzpenn, Duke & Fitzpenn, Ltd., 540/886-7160, www.dukefitzpenn.com.
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